Noam Chomsky is arguably the most important intellectual alive, according to the New York Times (site accessed 22 June 2010). He is author of many bestselling political books. He is a professor in the Department of Linguistics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). A few hours watching Chomsky debating on YouTube quickly illustrates his formidable debating abilities. One reason that Chomsky debates so powerfully is that he supports his arguments with evidence and reliable sources.
Why are Evidence and Reliable Sources So Important?
An opinion without evidence remains just an opinion. Without evidence to support an opinion it is not open to refutation and consequently unsubstantiated and very weak. When evidence is offered it can be checked and if it passes muster the argument is greatly strengthened. It also shows that the arguer has done his or her homework.
Sources must be reliable. This is very important. All powerful debaters, even those with the intellect of a Chomsky, have to rely on the evidence of other people, usually experts in a particular field. The worth of this evidence will stand or fall on the reliability and reputation of the person providing the evidence. Relying on a person or organization with a track record for proven expertise and honesty adds great strength to an argument.
How Does Chomsky Use Evidence and Sources During Debates and Talks?
Chomsky quotes the supporting evidence and source at the same time that he makes his point. Here is an example from page 116 of Chomsky’s book, Imperial Ambitions published by Penguin Books, London 2006. In arguing his position, Chomsky clearly identifies a source that supports him: a leading columnist writing in the Financial Times of London. Chomsky does this often in his writings and during debates viewable on YouTube.
When an Opponent Has No Evidence
Chomsky does not argue against unsupported opinion. During one interview, the host quoted an article that was critical of something Chomsky had said or written. Apparently, the article consisted of just unsubstantiated opinion. Chomsky pointed this out immediately by responding that he had read the article and as it contained no evidence he was not in a position to comment.
When an Opponent Offers Evidence
When an opponent offers an opinion as argument, the response should be to ask for the supporting evidence. Chomsky does this during debates. The failure of the opponent to furnish evidence could mean the end of the debate there and then. However, the opponent may offer evidence. In this case, what is a reasonable response?
The opponent should be asked to point out the source of the evidence. If the source is an unknown person or organization this is as unpersuasive as no evidence at all. If the source is reliable and well known, then it should be honestly discussed.
The Power of Honesty and Ethics
Whether or not a person agrees with Chomsky's views, a reasonable person should agree that Chomsky is honest. Why? Because he constantly gives reasons and refers to sources so that any thinking person is put in a position to refute his conclusions. Karl Popper would support this intellectual integrity. Chomsky's arguments are based on principle, ethics and the defence of basic human rights. Perhaps his moral integrity is his major strength, apart from an IQ that is off the scale.
Following the Chomsky Example: Create a Database
Any person wanting to argue as convincingly as Chomsky obviously cannot acquire Chomsky’s intellect, I.Q. and experience. However, he or she can start a database of information about topics regarded as important. The database can be a Google Sites page. Each piece of information should include the date and source. Links can also be put into the web page. The database will help in formal and informal discussion. The web page should be restricted as private.
Sources
Chomsky, Noam. Imperial Ambitions published by Penguin Books, London 2006.
John Bartels - John is a Lawyer (retired). A qualified Attorney, Notary Public and Conveyancer John has a BA,LLB from the University of Cape Town, South ...
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